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RULES ON SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

e sorry i dont have 18 rules but 20 rules is that ok!?

The 20 Rules of Subject Verb Agreement in Standard English
1. Subjects and verbs must agree in number. This is the cornerstone rule that forms the background of the concept.
The dog growls when he is angry. The dogs growl when they are angry.
2. Don't get confused by the words that come between the subject and verb; they do not affect agreement.
The dog, who is chewing on my jeans, is usually very good.
3. Prepositional phrases between the subject and verb usually do not affect agreement.
The colors of the rainbow are beautiful.
4. When sentences start with "there" or "here," the subject will always be placed after the verb, so care needs to be taken to identify it correctly.
There is a problem with the balance sheet.Here are the papers you requested.
5. Subjects don't always come before verbs in questions. Make sure you accurately identify the subject before deciding on the proper verb form to use.
Does Lefty usually eat grass? Where are the pieces of this puzzle.
6. If two subjects are joined by and, they typically require a plural verb form.
The cow and the pig are jumping over the moon.
7. The verb is singular if the two subjects separated by and refer to the same person or thing.
Red beans and rice is my mom's favorite dish.
8. If the words each, every, or no come before the subject, the verb is singular.
No smoking and drinking is allowed.Every man and woman is required to check in.
9. If the subjects are both singular and are connected by the words or, nor, neither/nor, either/or, and not only/but also the verb is singular.
Jessica or Christian is to blame for the accident.
10. The only time when the object of the preposition factors into the decision of plural or singular verb forms is when noun and pronoun subjects like some, half, none, more, all, etc. are followed by a prepositional phrase. In these sentences, the object of the preposition determines the form of the verb.
All of the chicken is gone.All of the chickens are gone.
11. The singular verb form is usually used for units of measurement.
Four quarts of oil was required to get the car running.
12. If the subjects are both plural and are connected by the words or, nor, neither/nor, either/or, and not only/but also, the verb is plural.
Dogs and cats are both available at the pound.
13. If one subject is singular and one plural and the words are connected by the words or, nor, neither/nor, either/or, and not only/but also, you use the verb form of the subject that is nearest the verb.
Do your sisters or your girlfriend want any pizza?
14. Indefinite pronouns typically take singular verbs.
Everybody wants to be loved.
15. * Except for the pronouns (few, many, several, both) that always take the plural form.
Few were left alive after the flood.
16. If two infinitives are separated by and they take the plural form of the verb.
To walk and to chew gum require great skill.
17. When gerunds are used as the subject of a sentence they take the singular verb form of the verb, but when they are linked by and they take the plural form.
Standing in the water was a bad idea.Swimming in the ocean and playing drums are my hobbies.
18. Collective nouns like herd, senate, class, crowd, etc. usually take a singular verb form.
The herd is stampeding.
19. Titles of books, movies, novels, etc. are treated as singular and take a singular verb.
The Burbs is a movie starring Tom Hanks.
20. Final Rule -- Remember, only the subject affects the verb!
Challenges of Grammar Rules
The problem with some grammar rules from the perspective of modern linguistics is that there is not one absolute grammar in the English language. Most American native English speakers equate standard English with being correct and any non-standard variation of English with being incorrect.
In reality, however, the concept of standard American English is really the privileging of a particular dialect of English that originates from the Ohio River Valley. This is the dialect of English that the anchors of the nightly news speak and that we base our notions of correct and incorrect grammar on. It is important to recognize that no grammar is any more correct or incorrect than any other on a functional level, and our notions of correct andincorrect are culturally constructed.


by : Allan V. Gonzales

FILIPINO

Allan V. Gonzales AT09104

Ponolohiya- ang pag-aaral o pag-uuri-uri sa iba't-ibang makahulugang tunog na ginagamit sa pagsasalita, pagsasama ng mga tunog o ponema.

Morpolohiya- tawag sa makaagham na pag-aaral ng mga morpema.

- ay isang disiplina ng linggwistika na nag-aaral ng kayarian ng mga salita.

Sintaksis- ang tawag sa makaagham na pag-aaral ng mga pangungusap.

A. Uri ng Panlapi

Ang mga sumusunod ang mga uri ng panlapi na ginagamit sa wikang Filipino (at Tagalog):

Unlapi - kapag inilalagay sa unahan ng salita.

Halimbawa : magbasa, paalis, makahuli

Gitlapi - kapag nakalagay sa loob ng salita.

Halimbawa : sumayaw, lumakad, sinagot, ginawa

Hulapi - kapag nakalagay sa hulihan ng salita.

Halimbawa : ibigin, sulatan, sabihan, gabihin, isipin

Kabilaan - kapag ang isang pares ng panlapi ay nakalagay sa unahan at ang isa ay nasa hulihan ng salita.

Halimbawa : mag-awitan, paalisin, kaibigan, kadalagahan

Laguhan - Kapag mayroon sa unahan,gitna at hulihan.

Halimbawa : pagsumikapan

B. Uri ng mga Pangungusap

Ayon sa gamit

Ang pangungusap ay may apat na uri, ito ay paturol o pasalaysay, patanong, pautos/pakiusap, padamdam.

Ang Paturol na pangungusap ay tinatawag ding pasalaysay. Ito'y nagsasalaysay ng isang katotohanan o pangyayari. Ito ay ginagamitan ng tuldok.

Halimbawa:
* Si Jose Rizal ay kinikilalang bayani ng ating lahi.

Ang pangungusap na Patanong ay nagpapahayag ng pagtatanong o pag-uusisa. Ito'y gumagamit ng tandang pananong.

Halimbawa:
* Tutuloy ba kayo kina Ryan at Phil pagdating sa New York?


Ang pangungusap na Pautos ay nagpapahayag ng pag-uutos. Ito'y gumagamit ng tuldok tulad ng pasalaysay.
Ang pangungusap na Pakiusap ay nagpapahayag ng pakikiusap. Ito'y gumagamit ng tuldok tulad ng pasalaysay.

Halimbawa:
* Sagutin mo agad ang liham ni Joy.
* Pakikuha nga ang gamot ni Mirana.

Ang Padamdam ay nagpapakilala ng isang matinding damdamin ng pagkabigla, pagkainis o pagkagalit. Ito'y ginagamitan ng tandang pandamdam.

Halimbawa:
* Naku! Nahulog ang bata sa hagdan.

Ayon sa kayarian

Ang pangungusap ay may apat na kayarian: payak, tambalan, hugnayan, at langkapan.

Ang Payak na pangungusap ay nagpapahayag ng iisang kaisipan. Maaaring nagtataglay ng payak o tambalang simuno at panaguri. May apat itong kayarian: payak na simuno at payak na panaguri; payak na simuno at tambalang panaguri; tambalang simuno at payak na panaguri; at tambalang simuno at tambalang panaguri.

Mga halimbawa:

* Ang pamahalaan ay masigasig sa mabilisang pagsugpo ng kriminalidad sa bansa.
* Ang mga lalaki at babae ay naghahanda ng palatuntunan para sa darating na pista.
* Ang aming pangkat ay naglinis ng mga kalye at nagpinta ng mga pader sa paaralan.
* Ang mga guro at mag-aaral ay aawit at sasayaw para sa pagdiriwang ng Buwan ng Wika.

Ang Tambalang Pangungusap ay binubuo ng dalawa o higit pang sugnay na makapag-iisa:

Halimbawa:

* Nagtatag ng isang samahan sina Arnel at agad silang umisip ng magandang proyekto para sa mga kabataan ng kanilang pook.
* Maraming balak silang gawin sa Linggo: magpapamigay sila ng pagkain sa mga batang lansangan, magpapadala sila nga mga damit sa mga batang ulila saka maghahandog sila ng palatuntunan para sa mga maysakit sa gabi.



Ang Hugnayang Pangungusap ay binubuo ng isang sugnay na makapag-iisa at isa o dalawang sugnay na di-makapag-iisa.

Halimbawa:

* Gaganda ang iyong buhay kung susunod ka sa mga pangaral ng inyong magulang.
* Ang batang naputol ang mga kamay ay mahusay gumuhit.

Ang langkapang pangungusap ay binubuo ng dalawa o mahigit pang sugnay na makapag-iisa at dalawa o mahigit pang sugnay na di-makapag-iisa.

Halimbawa:

* Ang buhay sa mundo ay pansamantala lamang kaya't dapat na tayo ay magpakabuti upang makamit ang kaligayahan sa kabilang buhay.
* Nahuli na ang mga masasamang-loob kaya't payapa na kaming nakatutulog sa gabi, kasi sila lamang ang gumugulo sa amin.

C. Paraan ng Pagbabago ng Morpoponemiko

Mga uri ng pagbabagong morpoponemiko sa wikang filipino:

a.Asimilasyon - pagbabagong nagaganap sa (n) dahil sa impluwensya ng ponemang kasunod nito.

Asimilasyong di ganap - pagbabago sa unang morpema

Halimbawa: pang + bansa = pambansa, sing + bait = simbait, mang + batas = mambabatas

Asimilasyong ganap: pagbabago ng kapwa panlapi at salitang-ugat.

Halimbawa: mang + tahi = manahi, pang + palo = pamalo, pang + takot = panakot

b.Pagpapalit ng ponema = kapag ang (d) ay nasa pagitan ng dalawang patinig kaya ito'y pinapalitan ng ponemang "r".

Halimbawa: ma + damot = maramot, ma + dunong = marunong

c.Metatesis =-pagpapalit ng posisiyon ng panlaping "-in" kapag ang kasunod na ponema ay ang mga ponemang (l, y, o)

Halimbawa: lipadin-nilipad, yakapin-niyakap

d.Pagkakaltas ng ponema - mayroong pagkakaltas o pagtatangal ng ponema.

Halimbawa: takip + an = takpan, sara + han= sarhan, labahan = labhan, dalahin = dalhin

e.Paglilipat-diin = kapag ang salitang-ugat ay nilalagyan ng panlapi, ito ay nagbabago kapag ito'y nilalapian.

Halimbawa: laro + an = laruan, dugo + an = duguan

f.Reduplikasyon=pag-uulit ng pantig. Ang pag-uulit na ito ay maaaring magpahiwatig ng kilos na ginagawa o gagawin pa lamang, tagagawa ng kilos o pagpaparami.

Halimbawa: aalis, matataas, magtataho, pupunta, masasaya, naglalakad

LOVE SONG!

I'M YOURS feu AT09104

Bret Jackson singing "Can't Stand It' By Never Shout Never [PBB TEEN CLA...

COLLEGE LIFE

HELLO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

How are you??

Matagal akong hindi nagblog ah,. Namimiss ko tuloy ung pagkacopy paste ko noong hayskul, 4thyr para makagawa lang ng blog na to, para may maipass ako, sa sir nming ubod ng bait. hahahaha

Kahit tapos na ang buhay namin sa hayskul, ito pa rin aq gumagawa ng blog, para isulat ang lahat ng nangyayari sa aking buhay at lahat ng bagay na aking pinagdadaanan, problema at iba pa………

HAYSSTT…….. Natapos din ang paghihirap sa hayskul lyf……!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ngayon, college lyf nman ang sumunod. Ang daming pagbabago, lugar, tao, tinutuluyan, kinakain, hangin, T_T hayssttt,. Ganito ang buhay sa manila, dapat maging maingat, hindi natin alam kong sino ang pagkakatiwalaan at hindi mapagkakatiwalaan. Diba??? Tamaahhhh!!!!!!!!!!!! ^_^

Heto na!! heto na!! heto na!! haaaaaaaahhhhh!!!!!!!! Unang pasok ko sa school in feu, over!!!! Unang tapak ko palang sa skul na to, graveh talaga pakiramdam ko, kinakabahan, natatakot, napakasaya, naeexite, di ko maexplain eh, para akong hihimatayin….. hahahahaha ooooppsssss…, unang subject namin sa unang araw na yan p.e. over, pag-akyat ko sa sb building, 5^th floor, hinihingal ako., sa sobrang taas eh, huminga ako ng malalim, at sinabi ko na lang sa sarili ko, heto na!!! panibagong buhay na naman…. Kailangan ko tong lagpasan at lakasan ang loob, Think positive!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Hehe ^_^

Pagbukas ko ng pinto, daming tao, over!!!! Sabi ko sa isip ko at natanong na lang, klasmyt ko ba tong mga taong to??? OH!!!!! COME ON!!!!!! Gusto kong ipagsigawan at sabihing!!!!!!!!!! OVER!!! SA gaganda at kucute ng mga tao dito!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Ang swerte swerte ko talaga!!!!!!!! Hahahaha dahil unang araw namin sa skul, wala kaming masyadong ginawa…. Kaya ang saya saya namin….. hehe..

Hindi pa natatapos ang lahat na yan, dahil unang araw sa eskwela naninibago ako, kaya medyo may mga naeisnab akong klasmyt ko??? Tama bah??? Comment naman kayo dyan,..hahahaha jok2 ^_^ sensya na!!! ha!! Talagang ganito ako pag una eh!!! Hehe pero mabait naman talaga ako eh.... diba??? Hehe unang araw ko palang sa skul may mga nakilala na ako at naging kaibigan… hindi nga lang ganun kadami, pero ok lang naman, kasi ang babait nila!!!!!!!!!!!! ^_^

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INGAT LAGI…… GODBLESS